The National Implications of Project 2025

Project 2025 and Its Risks to U.S. Intelligence, National Security, and Foreign Relations

As the United States approaches the 2024 presidential election, the future of its governmental structure and key institutions is under intense scrutiny. Project 2025, a comprehensive blueprint for reshaping the executive branch, has garnered both widespread interest and growing concerns across the political spectrum. Spearheaded by a coalition of conservative think tanks, Project 2025 seeks to overhaul numerous aspects of the U.S. government, streamline operations, and restore what its proponents see as a balance of power within the federal system. While its supporters argue that the project represents a necessary recalibration of government overreach, many experts in national security, intelligence, and foreign policy are sounding alarms about the potential unintended consequences of such a dramatic reorganization.

This article does not aim to pass judgment on the political merits of Project 2025 or to advance any partisan agenda. Rather, it seeks to examine the very real national security risks that could arise from its implementation, irrespective of one’s political affiliations. The safeguarding of U.S. intelligence and national defense should be a priority for all Americans, whether conservative, liberal, or otherwise. As one scholar recently noted, “the strength of the United States lies not in its ideological uniformity, but in its ability to protect the nation while accommodating diverse political viewpoints.”

To fully understand the risks associated with Project 2025, it is important to engage with the document itself and analyze how its proposed reforms could impact U.S. security infrastructure. These concerns are not hypothetical or alarmist; they arise directly from the scope and depth of the changes outlined in the plan. “We aim to dismantle the ‘deep state’ structures that have embedded themselves in Washington bureaucracy,” the document declares in its opening statement, referring to a network of career officials and institutional practices that some perceive as resistant to democratic oversight. However, in the pursuit of rooting out inefficiencies, there is a significant risk of undermining the very systems that keep the country secure.

At its core, Project 2025 proposes a sweeping reduction in the size and influence of federal agencies, including those with direct responsibility for national security, intelligence gathering, and foreign relations. For example, the document highlights the need to reform or even eliminate several key intelligence agencies that have “grown unaccountable and bloated over the decades.” Such rhetoric raises concerns among former and current officials in the intelligence community who argue that abrupt changes to these institutions could lead to gaps in intelligence gathering and analysis.

In fact, the project calls for restructuring the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) and reviewing the role of the CIA, potentially merging or downsizing certain functions. According to Project 2025, this is necessary because “current intelligence agencies often operate with limited accountability and transparency.” However, critics argue that intelligence oversight already exists through congressional committees, and further restrictions or politicization of these agencies could impair their ability to provide unbiased intelligence, potentially leading to misjudgments about threats. The risk is that in seeking to make these agencies more accountable, the reforms might instead compromise the agility and independence that are crucial to effective intelligence operations.

A key area of concern relates to the project’s stance on international relations. “America must return to a policy of strength, clarity, and resolve,” the document states, advocating for a more assertive foreign policy. Yet this push for unilateralism could alienate long-standing allies and undermine U.S. standing on the global stage. The reshaping of the State Department, in particular, could strain diplomatic relations if career diplomats are replaced with political appointees, a point emphasized in the plan’s call to “drain the swamp”. While intended to streamline decision-making, this shift could erode decades of institutional knowledge and expertise that are essential in navigating complex global dynamics.

Another significant aspect of the proposal involves cybersecurity and the technological backbone of national defense. The plan explicitly calls for a reexamination of “cybersecurity priorities that do not align with our vision for a limited and efficient government.” This suggestion raises serious concerns about the potential weakening of the nation’s cyber defenses at a time when digital threats are escalating. Recent history has shown how cyberattacks from state actors like Russia and China can target critical infrastructure, from energy grids to electoral systems. A reduction in cybersecurity investment or personnel in favor of cost-cutting measures could open the door to catastrophic breaches.

The potential impact on U.S. foreign relations extends beyond intelligence and diplomacy to multilateral institutions. Project 2025 advocates for a reevaluation of America’s role in organizations such as NATO, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. “America should not be held hostage to globalist institutions that do not prioritize our national interest,” the document declares. While there is merit to reassessing these relationships, a sudden withdrawal from multilateral agreements or reduction in support for global governance frameworks could isolate the U.S. and empower adversarial states that are eager to fill the leadership void left behind. This could erode collective security efforts and make it more difficult to address transnational threats, such as terrorism, climate change, and nuclear proliferation.

There are also domestic security implications tied to Project 2025. The plan suggests overhauling the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), asserting that its functions have become redundant or overly politicized. While the need for greater efficiency in homeland security is a legitimate concern, scaling back DHS operations without carefully considering the consequences could weaken protections against both foreign and domestic threats. In particular, the document’s lack of focus on addressing domestic extremism has raised red flags. Given the recent rise in politically motivated violence, experts argue that any reduction in federal law enforcement capabilities targeting domestic terrorism could embolden extremist groups and create more vulnerabilities within U.S. borders.

Finally, Project 2025 envisions a significant shift in military and defense strategy, including a reassessment of military intelligence and counterintelligence functions. As the document puts it, “our military must focus on fighting wars and defending American interests, not on social engineering or bureaucratic expansion.” While this sentiment resonates with those frustrated by perceived inefficiencies in defense spending, it risks oversimplifying the complexities of modern military operations. For example, military intelligence plays a crucial role in preempting threats before they escalate into full-scale conflicts, and any reduction in its capabilities could hamper the U.S.’s ability to anticipate and respond to emerging global threats.

In conclusion, while Project 2025 presents a bold vision for a more streamlined and accountable federal government, it also raises serious questions about the potential impact on U.S. intelligence, national security, and foreign relations. The proposed changes may be driven by a desire to rein in perceived overreach, but they carry significant risks that could compromise the very foundations of America’s security infrastructure. The following article will explore these risks in greater detail, drawing on expert analysis and case studies to illustrate why all Americans—regardless of political affiliation—should be concerned about the national security implications of Project 2025. As the world grows more interconnected and the threats more complex, the protection of U.S. interests abroad and at home must

The Potential Risks to U.S. Intelligence Operations Under Project 2025

Project 2025, a sweeping initiative designed to reshape the federal government, has sparked widespread debate. While its advocates argue for streamlined governance and reduced bureaucracy, critics in the national security and intelligence communities are raising red flags about the potential risks posed to U.S. intelligence operations. Project 2025 aims to overhaul intelligence agencies and reform the national security apparatus, but in doing so, it may unintentionally jeopardize the integrity, independence, and effectiveness of U.S. intelligence efforts. This section explores how some of the key components of Project 2025 could undermine U.S. intelligence operations and weaken national security, using quotes from the document to illustrate these concerns.

Politicization of Intelligence

One of the most pressing concerns is the potential politicization of intelligence. Project 2025 advocates for placing political appointees in key leadership roles across federal agencies, including those responsible for intelligence gathering and analysis. The document argues that “the entrenched deep state has used its unchecked power to subvert the will of the people and undermine the democratic process.” To counter this, the project calls for widespread leadership changes.

While the intent is to bring greater accountability to intelligence agencies, placing individuals with little or no experience in intelligence operations at the helm could seriously compromise the objectivity and effectiveness of intelligence assessments. Intelligence is inherently apolitical, requiring expertise and independence to provide unbiased analysis on threats to national security. A politically motivated intelligence apparatus risks producing assessments shaped by ideology rather than fact, which could distort decision-making at the highest levels of government.

By introducing leaders without relevant experience, Project 2025 risks undermining the careful balance between intelligence and politics. Decisions based on skewed intelligence could lead to catastrophic outcomes, as the importance of impartiality is critical to correctly assessing threats from adversaries like Russia, China, and terrorist organizations.

Undermining Analytical Integrity

The danger of politicization extends beyond leadership appointments to the actual process of intelligence analysis. Project 2025 emphasizes the need to align intelligence operations more closely with political objectives. As the document states, “intelligence agencies must be reined in to prevent overreach and manipulation by bureaucratic elites with their own agendas.” While oversight of intelligence agencies is essential, there is a risk that this approach could lead to the suppression or manipulation of intelligence assessments.

If intelligence agencies are pushed to prioritize political narratives over factual reporting, the integrity of intelligence products may be compromised. For example, intelligence on emerging threats could be downplayed or ignored if it contradicts the administration’s policy objectives. This could leave the U.S. vulnerable to unanticipated threats or cause decision-makers to misjudge the severity of international crises. The prioritization of ideology over data risks creating an intelligence environment where analysts feel pressure to conform to political expectations, undermining the objective analysis that is crucial for national security.

Weakening Oversight Bodies

Independent oversight is a cornerstone of maintaining accountability within intelligence agencies. However, Project 2025 proposes a reassessment of existing oversight mechanisms, which could result in a weakening of the independent bodies that currently monitor intelligence operations. The document calls for “a restructuring of intelligence oversight to ensure transparency and accountability,” but critics warn that this could be code for reducing the power of congressional oversight committees.

If the oversight capabilities of bodies like the House Intelligence Committee are diminished, it could create an environment where intelligence activities operate without proper scrutiny. This increases the risk of abuse or the failure to recognize and address critical security threats. Robust oversight ensures that intelligence agencies are held accountable, operate within legal boundaries, and provide accurate assessments to policymakers. Any weakening of these checks and balances could lead to significant intelligence failures or abuses of power that go unchecked.

Decreased Cooperation with Intelligence Allies

Another potential consequence of Project 2025’s proposed reforms is the erosion of international intelligence cooperation. The U.S. intelligence community relies heavily on collaboration with foreign partners to gather information on global threats. Project 2025’s focus on “America first” strategies and a reevaluation of international alliances could cause key intelligence-sharing partners to hesitate or even reduce cooperation.

Allies may become more reluctant to share sensitive intelligence if they perceive that U.S. intelligence agencies are becoming overly politicized or if protocols for sharing information change in ways that make collaboration more difficult. For example, the Five Eyes intelligence alliance (comprising the U.S., UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand) relies on mutual trust and a commitment to non-partisan intelligence sharing. Any signs that U.S. intelligence is becoming politicized could lead these countries to hold back critical information, weakening collective security efforts against global threats like terrorism and cyberattacks.

Reduction in Intelligence Capabilities

The structural reforms proposed by Project 2025 could also lead to a significant reduction in intelligence capabilities. The document calls for a “streamlining of intelligence functions and a review of the efficacy of current programs,” which could lead to budget cuts, personnel reductions, or the consolidation of intelligence agencies. While the goal of eliminating inefficiency is understandable, cutting resources in key areas could have serious consequences for intelligence gathering and analysis.

Programs that focus on counterterrorism, cyber defense, and counterintelligence could face reduced funding or staff, making it harder for the U.S. to detect and respond to threats. The reduction in intelligence capabilities would likely lead to intelligence gaps, where critical information on foreign adversaries or potential attacks goes unnoticed. This could also weaken the U.S.’s ability to respond swiftly to emerging crises, from terrorist plots to cyberattacks.

Diminished Cybersecurity Defenses

A particularly vulnerable area under Project 2025 is cybersecurity. The document highlights the need to “reassess cybersecurity priorities to ensure alignment with our broader vision of limited and efficient government.” While efficiency is important, reducing the workforce or budget allocated to cyber defense could create significant vulnerabilities, both within government systems and the private sector.

In today’s increasingly digital world, cyberattacks represent one of the most significant threats to national security. State-sponsored hackers from countries like China, Russia, and Iran routinely target critical infrastructure, including financial institutions, energy grids, and even election systems. If the U.S. reduces its investment in cybersecurity personnel, tools, and technology, it risks creating openings for adversaries to launch devastating cyberattacks with far-reaching consequences.

Outsourcing Sensitive Intelligence Functions

Finally, Project 2025 suggests increasing the use of private contractors to carry out intelligence functions, arguing that “outsourcing can enhance efficiency and reduce costs in areas traditionally dominated by bureaucratic institutions.” However, outsourcing sensitive intelligence operations to private companies carries significant risks. Contractors may not be subject to the same level of oversight as government employees, and the transfer of classified information to private entities increases the risk of security breaches.

The use of private contractors in intelligence has been a controversial issue in the past, most notably with the revelations surrounding contractors like Edward Snowden, who leaked classified information from the National Security Agency (NSA). The more that sensitive intelligence operations are outsourced, the greater the risk of future breaches that could compromise U.S. national security.

While Project 2025’s aim of creating a more streamlined and efficient government has its merits, the proposed reforms to the U.S. intelligence community could pose serious risks to national security. Politicization of intelligence, weakening of oversight bodies, reduced cooperation with allies, diminished intelligence capabilities, weakened cybersecurity defenses, and the outsourcing of sensitive functions all have the potential to undermine the effectiveness of U.S. intelligence operations. As the U.S. faces increasingly complex global threats, maintaining an independent, well-resourced, and robust intelligence apparatus is more important than ever. Any efforts to reform the intelligence community must be undertaken with caution, ensuring that national security remains the top priority.

Erosion of Military and National Defense Intelligence

One of the central tenets of Project 2025 is the dismantling of what it calls “entrenched deep state” structures within federal agencies, including military and national defense intelligence. The document argues that “bureaucratic elites have seized control of government institutions to serve their own ends, often to the detriment of national interests.” While this rhetoric resonates with those seeking government reform, the proposed changes could result in the defunding or dismantling of key military intelligence functions that are critical for national defense.

Military intelligence plays an indispensable role in monitoring adversarial activity, preempting threats, and guiding U.S. defense strategy. Project 2025’s call for cuts and restructuring could lead to reductions in personnel and resources, diminishing the effectiveness of these intelligence operations. Without robust military intelligence, the U.S. could face blind spots in understanding the strategies and capabilities of foreign powers, leaving the country vulnerable to surprise attacks or miscalculated military responses.

Foreign Espionage Exploits Gaps

One of the most serious risks associated with Project 2025’s proposed reforms is the potential for increased foreign espionage. The document advocates for weakening security protocols that it claims are part of the “bureaucratic bloat,” including counterintelligence measures that protect against espionage by foreign adversaries. This includes a reevaluation of security clearance procedures, with an emphasis on streamlining access to classified information. The document states, “The federal government’s over-reliance on security clearance protocols has slowed operations and created unnecessary roadblocks to efficiency.”

“The federal government’s over-reliance on security clearance protocols has slowed operations and created unnecessary roadblocks to efficiency.”

However, easing these protocols could open the door to espionage from countries like Russia, China, and Iran, which actively seek to exploit any gaps in U.S. intelligence defenses. By weakening counterintelligence efforts, Project 2025 could inadvertently make it easier for foreign spies to penetrate critical sectors of the U.S. government and military. The reduction of security clearance measures, in particular, may allow individuals with compromised loyalties to gain access to sensitive information, putting national security at risk.

De-prioritization of Emerging Threats

Project 2025’s emphasis on ideological battles, including the elimination of what it deems as overreach by federal agencies, could also lead to the de-prioritization of emerging global threats. The document suggests that national security efforts should be refocused to align more closely with the administration’s broader political objectives, declaring, “Government resources should not be wasted on globalist agendas but instead concentrated on securing America’s immediate interests.”

This shift in focus could cause the U.S. to overlook pressing and rapidly evolving security threats, such as cybersecurity risks, the weaponization of artificial intelligence, and the militarization of space. Emerging technologies are quickly transforming modern warfare, and the ability of the U.S. to stay ahead of these developments is critical to maintaining global security. If Project 2025 succeeds in diverting attention away from these issues, the country may find itself unprepared to confront new forms of warfare, giving adversarial nations a strategic advantage.

Weakened Nuclear Security

One of the more concerning potential outcomes of Project 2025’s proposals is the disruption of agencies responsible for managing the nation’s nuclear security. The Department of Energy (DOE), which plays a key role in overseeing the safety and security of the U.S. nuclear arsenal, is specifically mentioned in the document as an agency requiring “structural reform to prevent inefficiencies.” The project’s focus on reducing the size and scope of government agencies could lead to budget cuts or personnel reductions within the DOE’s nuclear security division.

Nuclear security is one of the most sensitive and critical components of national defense. Any disruption to the systems overseeing the management, maintenance, and protection of nuclear materials could expose vulnerabilities in the U.S. nuclear arsenal, potentially making it easier for adversaries to exploit these weaknesses. At a time when nuclear tensions are rising globally, particularly with countries like North Korea and Iran, weakening the nation’s nuclear security infrastructure could have devastating consequences.

Diplomatic Security Gaps

In addition to military and intelligence risks, Project 2025’s reforms could also jeopardize the safety of U.S. diplomats and missions abroad. The document advocates for a reduction in the scope of federal agencies involved in diplomatic security, stating that “the federal bureaucracy’s excess resources have been misallocated to international programs that do not prioritize American safety.” This focus on reducing overseas involvement may result in fewer resources dedicated to protecting U.S. embassies, consulates, and diplomatic personnel.

Diplomatic security is a crucial component of foreign relations, especially in volatile regions where U.S. interests are at risk. Project 2025’s reforms could leave U.S. missions more vulnerable to attacks from terrorist groups or state-sponsored actors. By reducing intelligence operations that monitor threats to diplomats, the U.S. may find itself blindsided by attacks, much like the 2012 Benghazi incident, which resulted in the deaths of four Americans, including the U.S. ambassador to Libya.

While Project 2025’s ambition to reform federal agencies and reduce bureaucratic inefficiencies may resonate with many Americans, its potential impact on national security infrastructure cannot be ignored. The erosion of military and defense intelligence, increased vulnerability to foreign espionage, the de-prioritization of emerging threats, weakened nuclear security, and the creation of diplomatic security gaps all present serious risks. As the U.S. faces increasingly complex global challenges, the integrity of its national security infrastructure must remain a top priority, and any reforms must be undertaken with caution to avoid unintended consequences.

Loss of Diplomatic Expertise

One of the most troubling aspects of Project 2025 is the potential loss of seasoned diplomatic expertise. The document calls for a reshuffling of leadership across federal agencies, stating that “a government run by unelected bureaucrats has undermined the will of the people for too long.” While this rhetoric resonates with those who seek reform, it could lead to the replacement of experienced diplomats with political appointees who lack the knowledge and expertise required for complex international negotiations.

Diplomacy is a delicate balancing act that requires years of experience and a deep understanding of global politics. Seasoned diplomats play a critical role in resolving conflicts, negotiating trade agreements, and maintaining alliances. If these professionals are replaced by individuals with little to no foreign policy experience, the U.S. risks losing its edge in global diplomacy. This could result in the erosion of U.S. influence at the negotiating table, making it harder to secure favorable outcomes in discussions with adversaries and allies alike.

Moreover, the replacement of experienced diplomats with politically aligned individuals could undermine the credibility of U.S. foreign policy. Negotiations on issues such as arms control, trade, and security require a level of expertise that cannot be easily replaced. By sidelining career diplomats, Project 2025 could weaken America’s ability to navigate the complexities of international relations, leaving the country vulnerable to diplomatic blunders and missed opportunities.

Strained Relations with Allies

Another major concern is the potential for strained relations with traditional allies. Project 2025 advocates for aggressive changes to U.S. policies, arguing that “America must stop bowing to globalist elites and prioritize its own interests.” While this rhetoric appeals to a segment of the population, it risks alienating key partners and undermining long-standing alliances such as NATO.

Alliances like NATO are built on mutual trust, shared values, and a commitment to upholding international norms. Aggressive shifts in U.S. policy, particularly if they disregard international agreements or challenge established norms, could strain relationships with key allies in Europe, Asia, and beyond. If the U.S. appears unwilling to cooperate on issues of global security, traditional allies may become more reluctant to collaborate on joint defense initiatives, intelligence sharing, or counterterrorism efforts.

For instance, if Project 2025’s reforms lead to reduced U.S. engagement with NATO or other international organizations, it could weaken collective security efforts and make it harder for the U.S. to coordinate responses to global threats. This could embolden adversarial powers like Russia, which has long sought to fracture NATO’s unity, and create opportunities for exploitation by adversaries.

Increased Global Instability

Project 2025’s vision of a more insular U.S. foreign policy could also contribute to increased global instability. The document calls for the U.S. to “focus on securing its own borders and interests, rather than policing the world.” While there is merit to reassessing the extent of U.S. military interventions abroad, stepping back from leadership on global security issues could create power vacuums in volatile regions such as the Middle East and the Indo-Pacific.

When the U.S. steps back from its role as a global leader, adversarial powers like China, Russia, and Iran are more likely to assert their influence, potentially destabilizing these regions. In the Indo-Pacific, for example, China’s aggressive expansion in the South China Sea could go unchecked without a strong U.S. presence, leading to increased tensions and the potential for conflict with neighboring countries. Similarly, in the Middle East, a reduction in U.S. engagement could embolden Iran to pursue more aggressive policies, further destabilizing an already volatile region.

Without the stabilizing influence of U.S. leadership, regions that are already fragile could become more susceptible to conflict, terrorism, and humanitarian crises. This could have ripple effects across the globe, threatening global security and undermining efforts to promote peace and stability.

Weakening of Multilateral Organizations

Another significant risk of Project 2025 is its potential to weaken multilateral organizations that play a critical role in maintaining global security. The document criticizes the U.S.’s involvement in international institutions, stating that “America must stop funding and propping up globalist organizations that do not serve its interests.” This approach could lead to a deliberate effort to undermine U.S. participation in or funding for organizations such as the United Nations, NATO, or the World Trade Organization (WTO).

These organizations are essential for promoting international cooperation, resolving conflicts, and addressing global challenges such as climate change, terrorism, and trade disputes. By reducing its involvement in these organizations, the U.S. risks weakening their effectiveness and leaving a leadership vacuum that could be filled by countries with competing interests. For example, China has increasingly sought to assert its influence within the United Nations and other international bodies, and a diminished U.S. presence could allow it to shape global norms and policies in ways that undermine American values and interests.

Loss of Moral Authority

Finally, Project 2025’s proposed changes to U.S. policies on human rights, democratic norms, and military interventions could erode the country’s moral authority on the global stage. The document argues that “America’s foreign policy should prioritize its own sovereignty over globalist agendas,” which could lead to a reduction in U.S. efforts to promote human rights, democracy, and international law.

The U.S. has long been a global leader in advocating for these values, and any retreat from this role could damage its credibility in international forums. Without a strong commitment to human rights and democratic norms, the U.S. may find it harder to lead on critical issues such as counterterrorism, arms control, or nuclear non-proliferation. This could weaken global efforts to address these challenges and reduce the U.S.’s ability to shape international policies that reflect its values.

While Project 2025’s goal of streamlining government and reducing bureaucratic influence may appeal to many, the potential damage to U.S. foreign relations and diplomacy cannot be overlooked. The loss of diplomatic expertise, strained relations with allies, increased global instability, the weakening of multilateral organizations, and the erosion of U.S. moral authority all present serious risks. As the U.S. navigates an increasingly complex global landscape, maintaining strong diplomatic capabilities and alliances is more important than ever to safeguard national and international security.

Undermining Federal Law Enforcement

One of the key concerns is Project 2025’s stance on federal law enforcement agencies like the FBI. The document states that “politicized bureaucracies have weaponized their authority against the American people,” advocating for leadership changes or even defunding efforts aimed at the FBI. However, the FBI plays a crucial role in counterterrorism and counterintelligence within the U.S. Weakening this agency could hinder its ability to track and thwart potential terrorist plots, both foreign and domestic.

The FBI’s work includes monitoring extremist groups and preventing acts of violence, such as domestic terrorism. Without proper funding and leadership, the agency may struggle to keep pace with these threats, putting American lives at risk. By undermining federal law enforcement’s capabilities, Project 2025 could inadvertently create a more dangerous internal security landscape.

Increased Domestic Terrorism Risks

Project 2025 also suggests a reordering of intelligence priorities that downplays domestic extremism. The document criticizes “federal overreach in targeting American citizens under the guise of national security,” which may result in a reluctance to address the growing threat of domestic terrorism. Extremist groups, particularly those aligned with white supremacist ideologies or anti-government movements, have become increasingly emboldened in recent years. A shift away from addressing these threats could allow these groups to operate more freely, increasing the risk of violence and attacks within U.S. borders.

By deprioritizing domestic extremism as a national security concern, Project 2025 risks creating an environment where extremist groups feel less restrained by law enforcement, emboldening them to take more aggressive actions.

Weakening Homeland Security

Another critical aspect of Project 2025 is its proposed restructuring of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The document argues that “DHS has become bloated and ineffective,” calling for a reduction in its role. However, DHS is responsible for safeguarding against terrorism, managing immigration, and responding to natural disasters. Weakening DHS would hinder the country’s ability to effectively respond to these challenges, leaving the U.S. more vulnerable to both man-made and natural crises.

Whether it’s defending against terror attacks or coordinating disaster relief, DHS plays an essential role in protecting the American public. By reducing its resources and scope, Project 2025 could undermine the nation’s ability to respond swiftly and effectively to security threats, putting lives and property at risk.

Conclusion: The Far-Reaching Risks of Project 2025

As the vision of Project 2025 unfolds, it becomes clear that the initiative, while rooted in the intention to overhaul what it perceives as bloated federal bureaucracy, poses a series of alarming risks to U.S. national security, intelligence, and diplomacy. Its sweeping proposals, framed as a means to reclaim government for the people, carry the potential for significant unintended consequences that could weaken the very institutions tasked with safeguarding America from both foreign and domestic threats. When viewed collectively, the dangers presented by these reforms create an undeniable risk of destabilizing the nation’s security infrastructure at a time of heightened global tension and internal division.

Undermining Intelligence and National Security

At the heart of Project 2025 is the idea of reforming and, in some cases, dismantling federal agencies critical to U.S. intelligence operations. The document’s call for replacing career intelligence professionals with political appointees threatens to politicize intelligence assessments and undermine the objectivity necessary for sound decision-making. As intelligence becomes driven by political agendas, there is a real risk that key threats could be overlooked, misinterpreted, or dismissed entirely.

The ripple effects extend to weakened oversight and reduced cooperation with international intelligence allies. Project 2025’s emphasis on prioritizing U.S. sovereignty over collaborative global efforts risks alienating critical intelligence partners. At a time when the U.S. faces complex, borderless threats—such as cyberattacks, terrorism, and foreign interference in domestic affairs—the erosion of these relationships could result in a dangerous blind spot, leaving the country vulnerable to attacks it might otherwise have thwarted with the help of its allies.

Moreover, the potential reduction in intelligence capabilities, whether through defunding or restructuring, threatens critical functions such as cyber defense, counterintelligence, and counterterrorism. At a time when adversaries like China and Russia are employing increasingly sophisticated methods to undermine U.S. interests, Project 2025’s proposed changes could leave the nation exposed to infiltration, espionage, and interference on an unprecedented scale.

The Diplomatic Fallout

On the international stage, the consequences of Project 2025’s approach to diplomacy are equally alarming. By proposing to replace seasoned diplomats with political appointees, the initiative threatens to erode the institutional knowledge and experience that are essential for managing complex international relations. Diplomatic expertise cannot be replaced overnight, and without it, the U.S. risks entering negotiations on critical issues such as arms control, trade agreements, and conflict resolution at a severe disadvantage.

Project 2025 also raises the specter of strained relations with traditional allies. Its aggressive stance on prioritizing U.S. interests, often at the expense of international norms, could weaken longstanding alliances, particularly with NATO and other multilateral organizations. These relationships are vital to global security, and any weakening of U.S. commitments could embolden adversarial powers like Russia, China, and Iran to exploit the resulting instability.

This potential retreat from global leadership is not only a strategic risk but also a moral one. The U.S. has long positioned itself as a defender of democratic values, human rights, and international law. Should Project 2025 lead to a de-prioritization of these commitments, the U.S. risks losing its moral authority on the world stage. Without the guiding influence of American leadership, global efforts to combat terrorism, prevent nuclear proliferation, and maintain peace in volatile regions could falter, creating a more chaotic and dangerous world.

The Domestic Security Dangers

The internal risks posed by Project 2025 are just as concerning. The potential undermining of federal law enforcement agencies, such as the FBI, could severely hamper the U.S.’s ability to counter domestic terrorism and conduct counterintelligence operations. In an era where domestic extremism is on the rise, the weakening of these agencies could allow extremist groups to operate with greater impunity, further endangering American lives.

Likewise, the restructuring or defunding of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) would have profound consequences for U.S. domestic security. DHS plays a critical role in defending against terrorism, managing immigration, and responding to natural and man-made disasters. Weakening this agency would compromise the country’s ability to respond to these threats effectively, leaving the U.S. more vulnerable to both external attacks and internal crises.

A Call for Caution

While Project 2025 may appeal to those who seek smaller government and a reduction in what they perceive as entrenched bureaucracy, the potential costs of these reforms are too high to ignore. The initiative risks unraveling the very systems that have kept America safe and secure for decades, and the consequences of such a move would be felt far beyond U.S. borders.

The world is at a critical juncture, with the rise of authoritarianism, technological threats, and global instability making it more important than ever for the U.S. to remain a leader in intelligence, national security, and diplomacy. Project 2025, in its current form, threatens to dismantle the infrastructure that enables the U.S. to meet these challenges head-on.

If the goal is to create a more efficient and accountable government, then the reforms proposed by Project 2025 must be approached with caution. Any changes to the nation’s intelligence, security, and diplomatic frameworks should be made with an eye toward strengthening, rather than weakening, the systems that have long protected America. Only then can the U.S. continue to lead on the global stage and maintain the security of its citizens at home.

US and UK Intelligence Chiefs Embrace Generative AI for Enhanced Operations

CIA Director Bill Burns and MI6 Chief Richard Moore Discuss How AI is Revolutionizing Intelligence Gathering and Global Security

In a joint declaration on collaboration between their agencies, CIA Director Bill Burns and MI6 Chief Richard Moore have outlined the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in addressing contemporary security threats.

In an op-ed for the Financial Times, Burns and Moore revealed that both agencies are actively employing generative AI to bolster intelligence operations, particularly in managing vast amounts of data. “We are now using AI, including generative AI, to enable and improve intelligence activities—from summarization to ideation to helping identify key information in a sea of data,” they wrote.

The intelligence chiefs also emphasized the use of AI to protect their agencies’ operations. They noted that they are training AI systems to conduct “red teaming” exercises to rigorously test their activities and ensure operational security.

Burns and Moore underscored the transformative impact of technology on the geopolitical landscape, citing the war in Ukraine as a prominent example where satellite imagery, drone technology, cyber warfare, and information operations are converging on an unprecedented scale. “This conflict has demonstrated that technology, deployed alongside extraordinary bravery and traditional weaponry, can alter the course of war,” they stated.

Beyond Ukraine, the CIA and MI6 are actively cooperating to counter Russian disinformation campaigns and what they describe as a “reckless campaign of sabotage across Europe.”

Russia’s utilization of generative AI is also evolving rapidly. Last week, the U.S. Department of Justice seized more than 30 websites operated by Russian actors as part of a misinformation campaign using AI to target American citizens ahead of the 2024 elections.

Additionally, the South China Morning Post recently reported that Russia is coordinating with China on the military applications of AI, including discussions about lethal autonomous weapons systems and other advanced military technologies.

China’s approach to generative AI presents a distinct set of challenges. According to a February 2024 testimony by the RAND Corporation to the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, China is expected to integrate generative AI into its cyber-enabled influence operations. RAND alleges that the Chinese military, particularly the People’s Liberation Army, plans to employ AI for social media manipulation and election interference.

Both MI6 and the CIA have identified China as “the principal intelligence and geopolitical challenge of the 21st century.” The intelligence leaders emphasized that their agencies are not navigating this technological landscape alone; they are partnering with innovative companies across the United States, the United Kingdom, and globally to maintain a competitive technological advantage.

While this joint disclosure from Burns and Moore provides important insights into the evolving use of AI in intelligence, it is important to recognize that the exploration of AI applications within intelligence agencies is not new. In July, Lakshmi Raman, the CIA’s Director of Artificial Intelligence Innovation, spoke at an Amazon Web Services Summit about the agency’s use of generative AI for content triage and analytical support. “We were captured by the generative AI zeitgeist just like the entire world was a couple of years back,” Raman said, according to NextGov.

“We’ve also had a lot of success with generative AI, and we have leveraged generative AI to help us classify and triage open-source events to help us search and discover and do levels of natural language query on that data.”

AI companies like OpenAI and Palantir have also been forging agreements with various government agencies to provide AI services that enhance their capabilities. This marks a significant trend; according to a report by the Brookings Institution, federal agencies have increased their potential awards to private tech contracts by almost 1,200%, from $355 million to $4.6 billion during the period studied.

China and the CIA

Why is China Winning the War Against U.S. Intelligence?

China is the world’s most populous country with a population of 1,420,062,000 citizens as of early 2019. The size of their population is dwarfed, however, by the size of their government. China is known to have an overreaching democratic dictatorship government, ruled by the communist party, whose constitution guarantees them exorbitant power over its citizens, including, but not limited to, their ability to limit even the number of children allowed per family.

With a government this overreaching, you would expect the Chinese government to be very intrusive to its own citizens, as well as foreign governments, with all of the wealth necessary to build a very one of the world’s largest national security establishments. Within this apparatus are several of the world’s most powerful and secretive clandestine agencies. Namely one: The Ministry of State Security or MSS.

It’s certainly nothing new for governments around the world to feel the presence of the agency, with increasing power and efficacy, as they did with the PLA prior. Over the last decade, though, the United States has been the priority target of China’s MSS, with increased hacking, civilian spy recruitment, and even recruitment within government agencies.

In January of 2018, Jerry Chun Shing Lee, a naturalized U.S. citizen and former CIA officer, was arrested at New York’s JFK International airport. At the time, Lee was in possession of several hand-written notes containing classified information, including the locations of covert facilities and operational meeting locations,the names and phone numbers of foreign assets and covert CIA employees, and even operational notes from asset meetings. In may of this year, Lee was sentenced to 19 years in prison after being convicted of one count of conspiracy to deliver national defense information to aid a foreign government and two counts of unlawfully retaining documents related to national defense.

Lee worked for the CIA from 1994 – 2007. Lee moved to Hong Kong after leaving the CIA, where he worked for Japan Tobacco International, a company formed in 1999 when Japan Tobacco Inc. purchased the international operations of R.J. Reynolds. In 2010, while working for the firm, Lee was approached by Chinese officials and offered an undisclosed sum of money to provide U.S. intelligence information, as well as sensitive company information to Chinese authorities. Shortly afterward, the Hong Kong company for whom he worked suspected Lee of sharing information regarding the company’s investigation into counterfeiting and smuggling. A former manager of Lee’s had this to say to the South China Morning Post in 2018:

“While at the time we could not prove it, we suspected he was leaking the details of our investigations into counterfeiting and smuggling – including those conducted in cooperation with Western law enforcement agencies and targeting highly sophisticated organised crime syndicates and North Korea – to the mainland authorities. Several of the shipments of counterfeits purchased as part of the investigations were seized by the Chinese authorities or simply disappeared, and one of our contract investigators was arrested and imprisoned in China.”

After his termination from the company in 2012, Lee moved his family back to the United States. The family, while seeking permanent residence, frequented hotels in Virginia and Hawaii. Due to the association between Lee’s former employer and Western law enforcement, U.S. authorities were made aware of Lee’s dealings with Chinese authorities, which raised red flags because of Lee’s former association with the CIA.

Lee quickly came under investigation by federal law enforcement, and in time, during a search of the family’s hotel room, authorities found several day planners and a thumb drive containing sensitive and classified information that Lee had apparently compiled while still at the agency. While this is a crime on its own due to the agreement Lee had signed with the CIA upon his hire, this raised extra suspicions of federal law enforcement, the NSA, and the CIA. This is because of the time-frame between Lee moving to Hong Kong, to the time he returned to the United States – an important span of time for the United States Intelligence Community. Between 2010 – 2012, up to 20 CIA assets were imprisoned or killed by Chinese authorities, which was the worst intelligence disaster the United States had seen since the Aldrich Ames incident in the 1980s.

Problems were not over after Lee’s arrest and conviction, though. Last year, former CIA officer Kevin Mallory was arrested on charges of spying for the Chinese. Mallory was approached by a Chinese intel headhunter via LinkedIn in 2017. Chinese officials learned of Mallory’s $230,000 mortgage that was several months delinquent, along with several other delinquent bills and credit card debt. The Chinese headhunter offered to help pay off Mallory’s debt if he were to pass sensitive and classified information.

In March and April, Mallory traveled to Shanghai with the contact, Michael Yang, who claimed to work for a Chinese think tank. Mallory quickly assessed Yang to be a Chinese intelligence officer, however. At this time, Yang gave Mallory a covcom device in the form of an encrypted Samsung Galaxy smartphone to facilitate his communications with Yang. According to the FBI, Mallory used this device to transmit at least five U.S. government documents to Yang, one containing the identities of sources who had helped the U.S. government.

Mallory was sentenced in May of this year to 20 years in prison followed by five years of supervised release. Mallory’s and Lee’s sentences were not the only ones this year, though. In March of this year, former Defense Intelligence Agency officer Ron Hansen plead guilty to attempting to communicate, deliver, or transmit information involving the national defense of the United States to the People’s Republic of China.

Hansen was arrested in June of 2018 while en route to Seattle-Tacoma International Airport. He was scheduled to board a flight to China while in possession of classified military information he had planned to sell to agents of a Chinese intelligence service. As Hansen admitted, in early 2014, Chinese intelligence targeted him for recruitment, after which time he started meeting with them in China on a regular basis. During the first of these meetings, the agents outlined precisely what kind of information they would consider valuable to Chinese intelligence. Hansen then offered to deliver the information for a some of money that added up to hundreds of thousands of dollars between May 24, 2016 and June 2, 2018.

While Hansen previously had clearance for highly classified information, after leaving the agency, however, he lost his clearance, as most do. Hansen used his relationship with a DIA case officer who still worked for the agency, and acted as a conduit between the officer and Chinese intelligence representatives. Hansen advised the case officer how to record and transmit classified information in a manner that would avoid detection, and also advised the case officer how to hide and launder any financial compensation received for the information.

Unknown to Hansen at the time, the case officer reported Hansen’s behavior to higher-ups within the DIA, and not long after, agreed to act as a confidential source for the FBI during the investigation into Hansen. Hansen met with the case officer on June 2, 2018, and was handed documents containing sensitive and highly classified information related to national security and regional U.S. military readiness. As mentioned before, he was arrested later on that day, and the information never made it to his Chinese intelligence contacts. 

Three arrests of former CIA and DIA officers in one year for violations of the espionage act is certainly an alarming uptick. There has also been a large increase in Chinese hacking. According to CrowdStrike co-founder Dmitri Alperovitch, “We have seen [the Ministry of State Security], over the years, break into corporate organizations. They were always better technically than the PLA (People’s Liberation Army).” He continued about the recent increase in MSS hacking, “We’re seeing, on a weekly basis, intrusions into U.S. and other Western companies from Chinese actors.” This is, of course, in violation of the 2015 agreement between the U.S. and China, not to conduct cyber-enabled spying or intellectual property theft.

There has also been an uptick in the amount of non-government employees, foreign visitors, foreign nationals, and U.S. citizens accused of spying. In March of this year, Chinese businesswoman Yujing Zhang unlawfully made her way into Mar-A-Lago – President Trump’s Florida resort – carrying multiple electronics in her purse, such as encrypted thumb drives, allegedly with the intent of collecting sensitive information about President Trump and other government matters through resort computers. Zhang was not convicted of spying, as prosecutors could not prove her intent, but she was convicted of trespassing and lying to federal agents, after changing her story about why she was at the resort several times. Zhang has since been reported after receiving time served on an eight-month sentence of incarceration.

As recently as September of this year, two Chinese diplomats were expelled to the Chinese Embassy in Washington after trespassing onto a sensitive military base in Virginia. This is the first incident of its kind since 1987. It is believed by officials that at least one of the two diplomats was an intelligence officer working under diplomatic cover. The diplomats, accompanied by their wives attempted entry at the base’s checkpoint. Due to lack of clearance, they were instructed to enter, turn around, and leave, but the diplomats ignored instructions and continued onto the base. They were then pursued by military personnel, but continued to evade authorities until their path was blocked by firetrucks. Due to diplomatic immunity, charges were not filed, but the individuals have officially been expelled to their embassy. Steps were also taken to vastly increase restrictions on Chinese diplomats in October. Chinese diplomats must now provide previous notice before meeting with state or local officials, and before visiting educational and research institutions. China has since claimed the incident was a misunderstanding, and the expulsion of the diplomats is a mistake on behalf of the U.S.

Also in September, naturalized U.S. citizen and California resident, Xuehua Peng was taken into custody after an FBI sting that lasted more than two years. Peng, who went by Edward, was charged with acting as an illegal agent of a foreign government. Peng allegedly worked as an intermediary passing classified information and collecting payments between intelligence agents. Peng used a classical spy tactic known as dead-drops – a tactic where information, money or other products are left at one of multiple predetermined locations which are usually marked by something as a signal, such as a chalk line or discreet symbol of some kind. The agent that communicated with Peng on behalf of the MSS was a double agent working for the FBI, and collected evidence on Peng for over two years. Peng has not yet been convicted, but the officials allege the evidence collected by the FBI during the investigation is irrefutable.

These are only a few cases from 2019 alone, and one must wonder, as President Trump’s trade war with China continues to escalate, how far will China go to spy on U.S. and other Western companies and governments. Even if China and the U.S. have reached a small deal providing some relief on Chinese tariffs, we remain economic competitors on the global scale, and who knows what sanctions may happen as a result of China’s current crackdown on Hong Kong. In a time when Russia is running vast networks of disinformation campaigns and pumping millions of illegal dollars into political campaigns, the uptick in Chinese spying is more than alarming.

Additional Reading: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/former-cia-officer-sentenced-prison-espionage https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/former-intelligence-officer-convicted-attempted-espionage-sentenced-10-years-federal-prison https://www.justice.gov/usao-edva/pr/former-cia-officer-pleads-guilty-conspiracy-commit-espionage https://www.cyberscoop.com/ministry-of-state-security-china-hacking-department-of-justice-indictment/ https://www.cyberscoop.com/ministry-of-state-security-china-hacking-department-of-justice-indictment/ https://abcnews.go.com/US/fbi-employee-arrested-allegedly-acting-secret-chinese-agent/story?id=41045611